Kidney stone disease
Kidney stone disease, also known as urolithiasis, is when a solid piece of material (kidney stone) develops in the urinary tract. Kidney stones typically form in the kidney and leave the body in the urine stream. A small stone may pass without causing symptoms. If a stone grows to more than 5 millimeters (0.2 in), it can cause blockage of the ureter, resulting in severe pain in the lower back or abdomen. A stone may also result in blood in the urine, vomiting, or painful urination. About half of people who have had a kidney stone will have another within... Read More
A 17-year-old woman who had been healthy since birth developed postobstruction pulmonary edema (POPE) after maxillofacial surgery. She was extubated in a semi-conscious state after general anesthesia, and developed severe airway obstruction due to glossoptosis, and blood and secretions in the oral cavity. When the obstruction was released approximately 10 min later, the chest radiograph showed an increased cardiothoracic ratio, and cardiac ultrasonography showed a reduction in the left ventricular ejection fraction when compared to the normal values for the same age. A diagnosis of type-I POPE with associated left ventricular dysfunction was made, and oxygen and diuretic administration were... 
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Nephritic syndrome is a collection of symptoms due to kidney damage. This includes protein in the urine, low blood albumin levels, high blood lipids, and significant swelling. Other symptoms may include weight gain, feeling tired, and foamy urine. Complications may include blood clots, infections, and high blood pressure. Causes include a number of kidney diseases such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, and minimal change disease. It may also occur as a complication of diabetes or lupus. The underlying mechanism typically involves damage to the glomeruli of the kidney. Diagnosis is typically based on urine testing and sometimes a kidney... 
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD or PCKD, also known as polycystic kidney syndrome) is a genetic disorder in which the renal tubules become structurally abnormal, resulting in the development and growth of multiple cysts within the kidney. These cysts may begin to develop in utero, in infancy, in childhood, or in adulthood. Cysts are non-functioning tubules filled with fluid pumped into them, which range in size from microscopic to enormous, crushing adjacent normal tubules and eventually rendering them non-functional as well. PKD is caused by abnormal genes which produce a specific abnormal protein; this protein has an adverse effect on tubule... 
Local anesthesia is any technique to induce the absence of sensation in a specific part of the body generally for the aim of inducing local analgesia, that is, local insensitivity to pain, although other local senses may be affected as well. It allows patients to undergo surgical and dental procedures with reduced pain and distress. In many situations, such as cesarean section, it is safer and therefore superior to general anesthesia. It is also used for relief of non-surgical pain and to enable diagnosis of the cause of some chronic pain conditions. Anesthetists sometimes combine both general and local anesthesia... 
The core element of the specialty is the study and use of Anesthesia and Anesthetics to safely support a patient's vital functions through the perioperative period. Since the 19th century, anesthesiology has developed from an experimental area with non-specialist practitioners using novel, untested drugs and techniques into what is now a highly refined, safe and effective field of medicine. In some countries anesthesiologists comprise the largest single cohort of doctors in hospitals. Trends for the future of anesthesiology: Lower income(as adjusted for inflation): There will be multiple causes for this: a) An aging population, with the significantly... 
Urology is a branch of medicine that specializes in the medical and surgical aspects of the female and male urinary tract as well as the male reproductive system. Urologists usually focus on any of these 7 subspecialties: Calculi for stones in the urinary tract Female urology for pelvic outlet relaxation disorders and urinary incontinence Male infertility Neuro urology for erectile dysfunction and voiding disorders Pediatric urology Renal transplantation Urologic oncology, which deals with cancer Common Concerns That Need the Attention of a Urologist: 1)Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection: UTI or urinary tract infection, as its name suggests, is the... 
Researchers reveal that cranberry juice is much better at preventing biofilm formation, the precursor of a urinary tract infection, than cranberry extracts. Having scientific research now proving the age old wisdom that cranberries are able to prevent a urinary tract infection, experts questioned if there’s a component of the berry that, when extracted plus condensed, probably in pill form, could be as beneficial as drinking cranberry juice or eating the sauce in preventing a urinary tract infection. Researchers examined proanthocyanidins or PACs, a group of flavonoids present in cranberries. Since they were considered to be the ingredient which provides the... 
Incorporation of acute pain modalities within anesthesia practices has greatly expanded over the years, and this has brought positive changes in patient care and physician payment. However, where new techniques become "standard of care," adjustments. As the preeminent provider of outsourced anesthesia billing and management services in America, we are always interested in how anesthesia providers are modifying their practices to take advantage of new pain management modalities and changing patient expectations. Anesthesia is not just focused on the operating room and the delivery suite. It is increasingly concerned with the entire perioperative episode. That includes the diagnosis and treatment... 
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Nephrology also studies systemic conditions that affect the kidneys, as diabetes and autoimmune disease; and systemic diseases that occur as a result of kidney disease, such as renal osteodystrophy and hypertension. A physician who has undertaken additional training and become certified in nephrology is called a nephrologist. The term "nephrology" was first used in about 1960. Before then, the specialty was usually referred to as "kidney medicine’’ Nephrology concerns the diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases, including electrolyte disturbances and hypertension, and the care of those requiring renal replacement therapy, including dialysis and renal transplant patients. Our Journal 
Nephrology is a specialty of medicine and Pediatric medicine that concerns itself with the kidneys: the study of normal kidney function and kidney disease, the preservation of kidney health, and the treatment of kidney disease, from diet and medication to renal replacement therapy (dialysis and kidney transplantation). Our Journal 
The core element of the specialty is the study and use of anesthesia and Anesthetics to safely support a patient's vital functions through the perioperative period. Since the 19th century, anesthesiology has developed from an experimental area with non-specialist practitioners using novel, untested drugs and techniques into what is now a highly refined, safe and effective field of medicine. 
Anesthesiology, anaesthesiology, anaesthesia or anaesthetics is the medical speciality concerned with the total perioperative care of patients before, during and after surgery. It encompasses anesthesia, intensive care medicine, critical emergency medicine, and pain medicine. A physician specialised in this field of medicine is called anaesthesiologist. 
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International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology is committed to distribute most elevated quality studies identified with clinical determination and administration of rheumatic ailments through facilitated parts of clinical consideration and clinical examination concentrated on propelling treatment and personal satisfaction for individuals with joint pain, immune system infections, bone issue, and related conditions. We feel contended to announce that our journal is successfully running in its Volume 14. We have successfully released special issues in our journal entitled Regenerative Medicine in Osteoarthritis and Epidemiology of Osteoporosis. Below are some most viewed articles in our journal. A novel treatment of knee degenerative... 
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Journal of Blood Disorders and Treatment is peer-reviewed, open access, scholarly journal. It mainly aims at publishing the latest advancements in the field, enriching our understanding of blood disorders such as: 
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